SECURITIES AND SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS UNDER THE TAX CODE OF UKRAINE | UBC

Securities and securities transactions: tax and management accounting

A transaction involving shares, bonds or another investment instrument affects cash flow, accounting result, taxation and information disclosure at the same time. Before entering into the transaction, it is necessary to determine the legal status of the instrument, the powers of the parties, the settlement method and the procedure for confirming transfer of rights.

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The transaction involves the owner, accounting department, investment firm, depository institution, bank and, where necessary, an appraiser or auditor. All participants should use the same information about the instrument, price, date of transfer of rights and transaction costs.

When the service is needed

For the owner, securities are an instrument for financing, investment or redistribution of control. The commercial result depends on consistency of the issue or acquisition terms, depository accounting, settlements, the tax model and the subsequent ability to sell the asset.

For the owner, it is important to link support for securities transactions with the contractual model, budget and launch calendar. The solution should take into account not only formal documentation, but also how the company will confirm information to clients, the bank, partners and public authorities.

Work begins by defining the scope of the task. UBC analyses the initial information, separates mandatory actions from internal management decisions and forms a process that matches the scale of the project and the planned model of investment, capital raising and accounting for securities transactions.

What has changed in the procedure

Previously, tax accounting for securities transactions was built around a separate calculation of income and expenses by type of instrument. Paper contracts, custodian statements and manual registers formed the main evidence base.

In 2026, the accounting financial result remains the starting point, while differences provided by the Tax Code for transactions involving the sale and other disposal of securities are calculated separately. Market participants work through licensed infrastructure, depository records and electronic reporting.

Digitalisation has reduced some technical operations, but the quality of source data has become even more important. An electronic system compares information faster, while discrepancies in the company name, authority, addresses, licences, activity codes or project documentation lead to requests, suspension of review or repeated filing.

A comparison of the previous and modern procedures is useful for a business owner: it explains the origin of familiar terms and at the same time shows which document, register entry, electronic notice or authority decision confirms the right to conduct the activity today.

Comparison of approaches: before and in 2026

How documents were prepared and controlled before	Practice in 2026
The result was calculated in separate paper registers by type of security.	The calculation is based on accounting data, tax differences and electronic confirmations of rights.
The main evidence was the contract and the custodian statement.	The contract, depository record, bank documents and reports of the professional participant are used.
The transaction was assessed mainly by the purchase and sale price.	Commissions, income from the instrument, revaluation, currency and tax effect are taken into account.
A negative result was carried forward within the special accounting system.	The overall negative result is taken into account under the rules of the current Article 141 of the Tax Code of Ukraine.
Access to the market was organised through a limited range of intermediaries.	The investor chooses a licensed investment firm and checks its status with the National Securities and Stock Market Commission.
Documents were collected after the end of the period.	Documentation and reconciliation are carried out during the transaction and at the end of each reporting period.

Sequence and main stages of providing the service

It is practical to organise the work in stages. This approach helps align the commercial objective, document set and responsibility of participants in advance and then control the result at each stage.

determine the type of instrument, purpose of the transaction and status of the parties;
check the issue, rights to the instrument and licences of intermediaries;
agree the contract, price, settlements and date of transfer of rights;
set up accounting analytics and the tax register;
reconcile depository and bank confirmations;
record the result in the reporting and retain the evidence base;

After each stage is completed, a verifiable result is recorded: agreed initial data, submitted package, registration number, decision, extract, licence or another document corresponding to the service. This control makes it possible to proceed to the next stage of investment, capital raising and accounting for securities transactions without losing the logic of the project.

What is needed to start work

For an initial assessment, there is no need to collect every possible document. It is enough to prepare the information required to determine the applicable procedure and make an exact list of further actions:

decision of the governing body on the transaction or issue;
contract and documents identifying the security;
report of the investment firm and depository statement;
payment documents, commissions and support costs;
accounting policy and analytics for investment instruments;
calculation of the financial result and tax adjustments;

Where some documents are held by a partner, premises owner, designer, auditor or foreign participant, this is recorded separately in the working list. Requests can then be sent in parallel rather than making the entire schedule depend on one document that is still being prepared.

Service specifics and organisational matters

Even where filing takes place online, the main work remains managerial. Within the company, responsible persons must be appointed, source data agreed and consistency ensured for documents supplied to the registrar, bank, regulator or counterparty.

Support for securities transactions usually concerns several functions of a company: management, accounting, legal, technical or commercial teams. Decisions by these participants should be based on one set of initial data and one agreed version of the documents.

The most common mistake is to equate the economic result of an investment with the movement of funds in the account. Commissions, revaluation, accrued income, exchange differences and the moment of transfer of rights are accounted for according to their nature and confirmed by separate documents.

It is practical to maintain a concise register of control points: what was filed, who signed it, what number was assigned, where the electronic original is stored and who checks the next deadline. For ongoing services, a calendar of updates, reporting and change notifications is also established.

verification of authority to acquire or dispose of the instrument;
reconciliation of quantity, price, currency and date of transfer of rights;
separate accounting by instrument and transaction;
control of commissions, coupon income and revaluation;
reconciliation of the accounting result with the Securities appendix;

What you will receive as a result

For the owner, a normal result is not a separate certificate or system entry, but the ability to lawfully and predictably conduct the chosen activity, enter into contracts, receive payment and confirm the company's status to partners.

The working result is a transaction under which the company can confirm its right to the instrument, movement of funds, financial result and correct recording in accounting and tax reporting.

After completion, the company receives a clear working basis for investment, capital raising and accounting for securities transactions: employees know the procedure, documents are available for verification, and the owner sees not only the legal status but also its effect on sales, settlements and development of the project.

Questions and answers

Is it necessary to keep a separate tax result for securities?

Special differences under Article 141 of the Tax Code apply to corporate income tax payers. The specific calculation depends on the type of transaction and accounting data.

Is a bank statement sufficient to confirm the acquisition?

Contract documents and confirmation of transfer of rights in the depository or another accounting system provided for the instrument are also required.

How can an intermediary be checked?

The status of an investment firm and the types of permitted activity are checked using data from the National Securities and Stock Market Commission, while service terms are checked under the contract and tariffs.

How should foreign securities be accounted for?

The currency, foreign infrastructure, source of income, international tax treaties and requirements of currency legislation are analysed additionally.

Can the tax effect be assessed in advance?

Yes. Before the transaction, a scenario calculation is prepared taking into account the price, commissions, expected income, revaluation and possible timing of the sale.

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